Feminist vs Functionalist View on Education - 897 Words

I am going to look at the Feminist point of view on Education and also, the Functionalist point of view on Education. Feminism There are many different types of feminists, there are Radical Feminists who are the most extreme in voicing their opinion about gender and the rights of women. There are Conservative Feminists, who adopt and appreciate the male need for a career and public achievement as female goals, thereby denying women s need for intimacy, family, and children. There are Liberal Feminists, they see everyone as equal. They believe sexism as a dysfunction in society. There are also Social Feminists, who link gender differences to class as well. They see it as sexism rewards the working class male and allows them control†¦show more content†¦Functionalism Functionalism sees society as a whole. It is often referred to as the consensus theory as it doesn t choose to see the issue of conflict in society. It looks at the important factors which make up society such as the economy, the family, the political system and the educational system. It is how these all function together as a whole to create society that functionalists look at. If you think of society as a human body, and the factors functionalists see as important and the organs. If one does not work then it prevents the others from working. In order for society to run smoothly everyone must see these factors as critical and work to keep them going as smoothly as possible. To understand how any part of society, for example education, the functionalists would look at how education in terms of its contribution to the maintenance of the social system as a whole works. All the key institutions in society need to be well integrated for society to survive and operate efficiently. Functionalists believe that the education system has three main functions. †¢ It socializes young people and teaches them cultural values like equality and the fairness of opportunity also, religious morality. They believe education emphasizes moral responsibilities. †¢ Education teaches children work skills for their future, such as literacy and numeracy. †¢ Lastly, according to functionalistsShow MoreRelatedScly1 Past Papers7036 Words   |  29 Pageson abortion; divorce; contraception; reproductive technology; marriage; adoption; pensions; benefits; taxes; education; childcare; child protection; sexuality; immigration may be discussed Analysis and evaluation may be developed, for instance by comparing the impact of different policies/laws or by discussing perspectives on social policy and the family (eg New Right, feminist, functionalist etc) From the examiner’s report: The most successful answers were able to identify relevant policies whichRead MorePakulski and Waters2272 Words   |  10 Pagesclass theory are extrapolated through theoretical development, ultimately having the function of negatively evaluating the tenability of class analysis in modern society. These facets are used in a way the presents the argument in a structural functionalist format, using qualitative research, mostly involving The increasing importance of authority relations established in organisational contexts: Theorist: Weber - â€Å"The social fabric always involves a warp of class relations and a weft of statusRead MoreUnderstanding Conflict Through Sociological Perspective Essay5342 Words   |  22 Pagesconcerns. Within this simple definition there are several important understandings that emerge. The contemporary discipline of sociology is theoretically multi-paradigmatic.  Modern sociological theory descends from the historical foundations of functionalist (Durkheim) and conflict-centered (Marx) accounts of social structure, as well as the micro-scale structural (Simmel) and  pragmatist  (Mead) theories of social interaction. Contemporary sociological theory retains traces of these approaches. 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Develop In Sex Identity There is a lot of debate about how much of a person’s gender identification, among other factors, is due to their scientific makeup (nature) and how much is due to their public surroundings and the way they are brought up (nurture)Read MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 Pages‘Religious schools â€Å"show bias for rich†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢: Middle class favoured, study shows: Faith schools deny selection claim’, The Observer, 02.03.08. Copyright  © Guardian News Media Ltd 2008; Philip Allan Updates for material from, ‘Gender differences in education: The underachievement of boys, Sociology Review, Vol. 8, Issue 1, Sept. 1998; and ‘Figure 2 Marriages, divorces and remarriages, 1950–2005, In Focus, Sociology Review, Vol. 17, No. 2, Nov. 2007; Times Educational Supplement for an extract fromRead MoreChris Pawling2932 Words   |  12 Pages‘serious’ literature is not so impervious to markets, consumption patterns and economic profit as to warrant assessment only in terms of what Pierre Bordieux calls ‘symbolic profit.’ (See Randal Johnson’s discussion of Bordieux’s argument about economic vs. symbolic profit in ‘Pierre Bourdieux on Art, Literature and Culture’- Editor’s Introduction to Pierre Bourdieux, The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature. 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Case Study Toys, Inc. - 1053 Words

This case focuses on Toys, Inc., a 20 year old company that manufactures toys and board games. The company has established a good reputation due to the innovation and quality of the products (Stevenson, 2015). In the recent years the company has been experiencing decreasing profits and sales due to several issues. Take the role of a consultant who has been called in for advice by the company president, Marybeth Corbella. What do you recommend? The company has several options. As the consultant, here are some recommendations that will help the company with their predicament. One of the main problem is the defective part that the customers. The company can collect data directly from the customers by sending out questionnaires in the mail. Questionnaires â€Å"consists of a set of questions presented to respondents. Because of its flexibility, it is by far the most common instrument used to collect primary data† (Kotler Keller, 2012, p.104). Doing this the company can gather data about the defective parts and find out what the problem. With the questionnaire the company can deduce if the problem has to do with product quality, a manufacturer defect, or is it due to customer misuse. By gathering this data the can put in place a strategic plan to correct the plan and thus increase cus tomer satisfaction and sales. When evaluating a company and a problem, a very important tool to use is SWOT Analysis. It is a strength-weaknesses-opportunities-threats assessments, and it â€Å"isShow MoreRelatedThe Galaxy Toys, Inc. Case Study1330 Words   |  6 Pagesgoals and objectives developed by the production managers was conducted to provide a relevant list of goals and objectives. This paper serves a third review of the Galaxy Toys, Inc. case study which will cover the last three functions of the P-O-L-C, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling. 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To Acquire or Not to Acquire? Andrii Alekseienko Corporate Strategy Case Study 18 September, 2015 The Walt Disney Company and Pixar Inc. To Acquire or Not to Acquire? To answer the main question of the case, we must think of the main problems that it faces. We need to find the solution for Bob Iger. What to do with Disney: to make some improvements in the existed company to compete better with Pixar, or to make a deal with another studio? Or shouldRead MoreThe Ethical And Social Responsibility Of The Mattel Toys1414 Words   |  6 Pagesor racing Hot Wheel cars are most often thought about. Do you ever stop to think, where those toys were made, or if the company making them is ethical? Most consumers do not, however the leaders at Mattel do. Mattel knows they have an ethical and social responsibility to their customers. Their goal is to produce toys that are not only safe but also made at ethically run production facilities. 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Public Relations Error of a company - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about theoutlining the PR errors made by a company in a real case from the business world; and make recommendations as to how the company should have handled the issue from a PR perspective. Answer: Introduction Public Relations, often abbreviated as PR, is an art of spreading and managing the information between an organization and its public, be it the internal public of the organization or external. The organization can be anything such as a private company, business, or government agencies, non-profit organizations and non-governmental organizations and others. It acts as a bridge which connects the road of communication between an individual or an organization and its publics. It is a way of gaining exposure of a company or individual to their publics through marketing communications, publicity and advertising (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). The aim of a Public Relations manager is to inform a particular companys publics and prospective customers about the companys products, leadership or political decisions. The report throws light on the Public Relations errors made by United Airlines company on the removal of Dr. David Dao from the Flight 3411, which was awaiting departure from Chicago to Louisville and was overbooked (Austin, Fisher Liu Jin, 2012). The report throws light on the duties and responsibilities of a Public Relations manager with an explanation of its publics and the factors which may influence his or her decisions. Moreover, this report contains a brief description on how the company should have handled this issue from a Public Relations perspective, along with some recommendations. Discussion Public Relations is the relationship state between an organization or a company or some famous personality and the publics. In other words, it is a process of communication that helps in building a mutual and beneficial relationship between an organization and its public. A Public Relations manager has loads of responsibilities for his/her company. He/she acts as the chief advocate for the company; the communicator, problem solver and opening maestro of the company who is responsible for the companys success (Bryce, 2017). United Airlines Incident On April 9, 2017, Dr David Dao was forcefully dragged from United Airlines, when he refused to move out of the flight, on the managements demand. David screamed when the officers were pulling him out of the seat. During this struggle, his face hit a seats armrest and he fell unconscious. He was dragged out of the flight with blood on his face. The management provided the passengers with travel vouchers in order to vacate the seats for four airlines employees, and Dao was one of the passengers. He refused to move out as he needed to go home, which resulted in such a horrific situation. The incident went viral which resulted in an outrage and several passengers criticized the Airlines management (Coombs, 2014). Public Relations error made by the Company The upsetting incident was handled in more disastrous way which enraged many. The CEO of the company didnt apologize for the occurrence of such a situation, rather stated that he felt sorry for re-accommodating such passengers. He defended his employees and said that the passenger was belligerent and disruptive. This led to intense criticism and the Airlines reputation was marred, as the angry customers threatened to stop flying with them (Cutlip, 2013). Moreover, they concealed many facts, regarding overbooking and more, from the media, which the eye witnesses revealed. This created a negative impact on the companys reputation in the eyes of the media. The company underestimated the power of the social media, which was its greatest mistake. They even made remarks on the behavior of Daos co passengers (Dozier, Grunig Grunig, 2013). How the PR manager should have handled the issue The Public Relations officer of the United Airlines could have easily handled the crisis situation in a different manner. One thing that should always be kept in mind is underestimating the power of social media can lead to serious consequences. The incident got instantly viral with millions of viewers from different parts of the world. The Airlines got severely criticized for this shameful act, which resulted in an outrage. In such a situation, the first and foremost duty of the Public Relations manager is to respond to the customers incidents quickly and directly apologizing to the people who got affected (Duh, 2015). The company is responsible for such a horrific situation, and, thus they must have shown empathy towards the passengers family. Secondly, the Public Relations practitioner must get all the facts clearly, related to the incident. He/she must be aware of the full situation, with every detail, before drawing a vague conclusion. After getting all the details of the incide nt, the Public Relations practitioner now must decide whose fault it actually was and based on that he/she must take actions, without any prejudices (Grunig, 2013). Thirdly, a Public Relations practitioner is always accused of withholding the companys information from its publics. This is ethically wrong. A companys publics have the right to know about the companys strategies or policies, its products, failure and success and others. Therefore, Public Relations manager of the United Airlines must be honest and transparent in front of the media. Distortion of the reality mars the companys reputation and progress (Helmig, Jegers Lapsley, 2014). Along with that, he/she should maintain integrity and transparency to avoid conflicts among employees. Fourthly, it is his/her duty to own the response. It was fully the companys mistake, therefore, the Public Relations officer should have the guts to own it and apologize for the situation. He/she must be able to address the problem properly to the media and the external as well as internal public of the company, knowing what to say and what not to say. It is his/her duty to put all the necessary tools in place in order to manage such a situation and see that such incidents do not occur in future (Hendrix, Hayes Kumar, 2012). Public criticism and recommendations from the PR perspective The United Airlines, after this incident, faced severe criticism from the media and people across the world. Many tweeted regarding the upsetting issue, expressing their hatred towards the flights management. Handling the situation in a smarter way could have helped the company to save its image to some extent. The Public Relations manager could have scanned the entire incident before letting the CEO comment on that (Johansen, Aggerholm Frandsen, 2012). He/she needs to make sure beforehand, whether such statements would be beneficial for the company and its future or not. It is his/her responsibility to build a scenario or a good image of the company in front of its publics and media. It is important to convince them that in future such horrific situation will not occur. This requires Public Relations manager to have good communication and convincing skills. Most importantly, he/she needs to be a good orator (Kunczik, 2016). Hiding failure details may mar the companys reputation. So the Public Relations manager must be honest, truthful and avoid hiding details of the company to its publics. Moreover, he/she should implement some strategy and policies to gain the trust of the people and the media in order to stick to the companys mission. This includes detailed description of the companys good will and image, the good things it has done in the past and what it is going to do in the future (Mehta Xavier, 2012). This may help the company gain some positive feedbacks and publicity. In such crisis situations, it is the companys duty to behave in a humble manner. The company must be empathetic towards the passengers. Behaving in an insensible manner can even worsen the situation and enrage the customers. Therefore, the Public Relations officer should open up and plan accordingly with the companys CEO, in order to gain their faith and trust. Managing such a crisis may be tough, but handling such sensitive issu es in a sensible way may prove beneficial for the company (Pang, 2013). A Public Relations practitioner needs to know the proper definition of ethics. Ethics is the study of right and wrong in human endeavors. It basically answers the question what to do? and what not to do?. He/she should know the organizational values. He/she must be as transparent as possible to maintain the credibility of the company or organization. Lying or distorting the reality may mar the organizations image. He/she must be able to manage crisis (Parsons, 2016). For instance, when the Airlines Companys employees took such a drastic measure of throwing out a passenger, it was the Public Relations officers duty to look after the matter without any biasness. It was his/her responsibility to convey this message to the companys owner without any distortion of the reality. The Public Relations manager could have applied some strategies in order to fix things, by apologizing in front of the media (Pearson Mitroff, 2013). A few months later, a giant rabbit was found dead on the United Airlines, which was flying to Chicago from London. An incident like this does not make international news, but due to the Doctors case, each and every mistake made by the Airlines group was shown across the world. Such was the negative impact of the company, that even the Public Relations officer couldnt manage the crisis (Smith, 2013). The brutal video drew huge attention of people even in China, which is an emerging market for the Airlines Company. Dao claimed that he was being targeted most likely because he is Asian. Therefore, this will also have an adverse affect on the companys business in that zone, as majority of the future passengers would have probably seen the video (Stacks, 2016). In order to avoid such a situation in the future and to gain customers trust and faith, the Public Relations officer of the company need to undertake several strategies and implement those. Being the companys life blood, it is his/her duty to change its impression and bring it into positive light. In my opinion, the company should not allow the security forces to get involved in situations where they are not required. Dr. Dao was being forcefully removed by the security agents from the flight even when he didnt pose any security risk. The Public Relations practitioner must make the companys employees clear regarding their duties and responsibilities (Wilcox, Cameron Reber, 2015). Secondly, none of the customers will be forced in giving their seats up, involuntarily, unless there is a safety or security issue. Therefore, it is the duty of the officer to undertake such strategies to save the companys image. Thirdly, if any customer voluntarily gives his/her seat up, he/she must be off ered with compensation up to 10,000 dollars. In the flight, where Daos incident occurred the passengers were given only 800 dollars travel credit, with expenses and accommodation for that particular time being (Ye Ki, 2012). The company must create a solutions team for the customers, whose task will be finding alternative solutions for the flights which are overbooked, like rerouting the customers in nearby airports. The Public Relations officer must be available, if any issue occurs at the time of selection. His/her duty is to make the customers understand in a very humble way. Crew members of the flight should be booked at least sixty minutes before the departure. Daos incident occurred because the Airlines tried accommodating four members from the crew, as because their earlier flight got delayed (Bryce, 2017). Staffs must receive trainings on how to behave with the passengers. The Public Relations officer must make the employees understand on how to handle tough and most difficult situations in the most effective and efficient way. Automated systems must be introduced through the apps, which will record a customers interest if he voluntarily gives up his/her seat in overbooked flights. In such a case , the Public Relations practitioner must check the entire issue and arrange for compensation. Even if any customers bag is lost, the company must be ready to pay compensation for the loss (Coombs, 2014). In this era of social media, news travels really fast, be it bad or good. Social media has the ability to bring out the truth. A Public Relations officer has no longer the ability to shape his/her opinion through a Press Release or House Journal. The raw and opinionated news have already started shaping peoples views. If any mishap occurs, anybody can record the entire incident and upload it very quickly. So there is no point of hiding the truth from the media and at times, media comes to know about an incident before the company itself (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). This gives rise to crisis situations. Over here, the Public Relations officer of the company comes to the rescue. With his strong communication skills and good command over language, he/she has the ability to turn any incident into the companys favor. At times, saying the word sorry can change everything. Therefore, it is his/her duty to take full responsibility of the companys wrong doings and manage things in accordance wi th that (Austin, Fisher Liu Jin, 2012). Conclusion To conclude, Public Relations managers are appointed by every company and reputed individuals. Famous personalities, especially politicians employ Public Relations professionals in order to maintain a good image in front of their followers. It is a strategy which helps any organization or individual in maintaining its corporate identity. The sole purpose of Public Relations is to develop a two way communication, in order to resolve the conflicts of interest and by seeking common areas or grounds of mutual interest. It helps to establish an understanding based on the truth, with full information and knowledge. Therefore, Public Relations is building a relating with a unit, that is, organization or any individual, on which it depends for its viability. Its practice as a profession can be regarded as art being applied to science. A Public Relations officer should be a professional journalist. He/she should maintain high moral and ethical standards as his/her conduct reflects the conduct of an organization or a company. Effective Public Relations helps in establishing a meeting point to the highest degree of adjustment between an organization and its publics. It is based on reality and not on images, whether true or false. Actions and deeds that serve the interest of the public are the basis of sound Public Relations. Recommendations The Public Relations manager needs to scan the future of the company where he/she works. He/she needs to build a scenario or a good image of the company in front of its publics. The Public Relations manager should have good communication and convincing skills. He/she needs to be a good orator. Moreover, he/she can write press releases, house journals, and present annual reports or organize a press conference, which will give detailed information about the companys products or what it deals with, its success and failure as well. Hiding failure details may mar the companys reputation. So the Public Relations manager must be honest, truthful and avoid hiding details of the company to its sponsors. He/she should open up and discuss plans with the companys publics in order to gain their faith and trust. Odwalla Foods Company PR crisis The Odwalla Foods Company had the worst nightmare when Washington State linked e-coli outbreak to Odwallas unpasteurized apple juice. It caught medias attention immediately and the outcome was so bad that the companys CEO Stephen Williamson promised to pay all the medical costs for those who got affected. It spent the next few months in building its good image and reputation. It focused on the relations, by advertising, publicizing and organizing press conferences. However, due to inefficient Public Relations, the Odwalla Foods Company lost the battle and suffered huge losses. Eventually, Coca Cola food Company bought the Odwalla Company for 186 million dollars in the year 2001 (Duh, 2015). Pepsi PR management Therefore, from the above example, it is evident that a company needs a good Public Relations officer, to manage the crisis, whenever needed. A good example of managing crisis can be the involvement of the famous aerated drink, Pepsi, with a case which marred the image of the drink in Washington. Rumor was; a syringe was allegedly found in the drink. There were more than fifty reports of tampering Diet Pepsi but all those turned out to be a hoax. Negative publicity is never ideal, no matter what the situation is. However, Pepsi then managed to work with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and produced reports which were in favor of the company, conveying that the story was not real and was fabricated. The company was able to gain trust of the people and the media and CEO Craig Weatherup himself appeared on all news channels with the evidences and reports, which were in favor of the company. Sales did fall at that point of time, but good crisis management help the company to earn f aith from its publics (Parsons, 2016). References Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E. (2015).Strategic public relations management: Planning and managing effective communication campaigns(Vol. 10). Routledge. Austin, L., Fisher Liu, B., Jin, Y. (2012). How audiences seek out crisis information: Exploring the social-mediated crisis communication model.Journal of Applied Communication Research,40(2), 188-207. Bryce, H. J. (2017).Financial and strategic management for nonprofit organizations. Walter de Gruyter GmbH Co KG. Coombs, W. T. (2014).Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage Publications. Cutlip, S. M. (2013).The unseen power: Public relations: A history. Routledge. Dozier, D. M., Grunig, L. A., Grunig, J. E. (2013).Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Duh, S. (2015). An overview of new media research in public relations journals from 1981 to 2014.Public Relations Review,41(2), 153-169. Grunig, J. E. (Ed.). (2013).Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Helmig, B., Jegers, M., Lapsley, I. (2014). Challenges in managing nonprofit organizations: A research overview.Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,15(2), 101-116. Hendrix, J. A., Hayes, D. C., Kumar, P. D. (2012).Public relations cases. Cengage Learning. Johansen, W., Aggerholm, H. K., Frandsen, F. (2012). Entering new territory: A study of internal crisis management and crisis communication in organizations.Public Relations Review,38(2), 270-279. Kunczik, M. (2016).Images of nations and international public relations. Routledge. Mehta, A., Xavier, R. (2012). Tracking the defining moments of crisis process and practice.Public Relations Review,38(3), 376-382. Pang, A. (2013). Social media hype in times of crises: Nature, characteristics and impact on organizations.Asia Pacific Media Educator,23(2), 309-336. Parsons, P. J. (2016).Ethics in public relations: A guide to best practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Pearson, C. M., Mitroff, I. I. (2013). From crisis prone to crisis prepared: A framework for crisis management.The academy of management executive,7(1), 48-59. Smith, R. D. (2013).Strategic planning for public relations. Routledge. Stacks, D. W. (2016).Primer of public relations research. Guilford Publications. Wilcox, D. L., Cameron, G. T., Reber, B. H. (2015).Public relations: Strategies and tactics. New York, NY: Pearson. Ye, L., Ki, E. J. (2012). The status of online public relations research: An analysis of published articles in 19922009.Journal of Public Relations Research,24(5), 409-434.

Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience. Answer: Introduction: Edmodo is an educational technology organization which offer communications, collaborations as well ascoaching resources to the K-12 colleges and instructors (Ngoma, 2012). The Edmodo network allows the teachers to manage to share the content management, disperse the quizzes, projects, as well and also manage the interaction with the students, colleagues and parents. In April 2017 a hacker was able to steal millions of account details from this organization management, and the data was apparently for sale on the dark-web. The hacker was able to steal seventy seven million of the user account which included the email addresses, usernames as well as the hashed passwords (Baker, Hylender, Pamula, Porter Spitler, 2011). According to the Motherboard, which is a tech and science publication organization reported that the hacker put the data on sale on the dark marker for some one thousand dollars. On the twelve of May 2017, there was a reference which was published in regards to the potential hack of the Edmodo. There have been numerous posts that were discovered later in which the information was being sold on the black market (Baker, Hylender, Pamula, Porter Spitler, 2011). On the seventh of May 2017 the organization acknowledged a security incident to which they warned the users by the email. How and why it occurred A hacker by the name nclay claimed that he had stolen more than seventy seven million user accounts from the Edmodo, a K-12 societal studying network of more than seventy seven thousand instructors, students, parents along with other members, and place the information accessible in the dark web (Ngoma, 2012). Let take a look at precisely how this hack occurred. The information dump began with two attack features in the Python which the hackers might have accustomed to attack on the site (Business, 2009). One of these attackers installed a malicious file which was names xd.exe, and they remained it to api.exe which was probably a boot loader. The IP address may have launched various web attacks several of these happen to be captured by network id signatures which are pointed out in the Alien Vault OTX database: There was also a trace of the execution of the exfiltration, with the data that was sent to the IP 80.82.77.46 and the port 666: The breach notification site LeakBase they offered the Motherboard a sample to more than two million records (ODowd, 2017). The data revealed a mix of the usernames, email address as well as the hashed password (Baker, Hylender, Pamula, Porter Spitler, 2011). Motherboard verified on this information using a large, and random data sample in order to try and create new Edmodo user accounts. This was the second large scale data breach of an education technology organization management. This attack was unclear as to whether or to some extent it was related to the global Cyberattacks in the early may which affected the two hundred thousand computers and one fifty countries (Baker, Hylender, Pamula, Porter Spitler, 2011). Nonetheless, the organization highlighted that protecting the privacy of its users was the utmost importance to the Edmodo. They highlighted that they will be investigating in regards to the attack. What are possible solutions? There are various ways to which Edmodo could have prevented this attack from occurring. One of the things they should have done would be to create a security awareness (ODowd, 2017). Prevention of a doomsday scenarios usually start with the creation of the security awareness (Kruse, Frederick, Jacobson Monticone, 2017). The sensitive data of the organization such as the users accounts details more often turns to be insufficiently secured. Each of the devices that are within the organization area security risk. These ranges are the devices which are used for the business as well as the private functions (Gandhi, 2017). For the employees, it is vital to be aware of the risks. Every device that is unsecured is vulnerable within an organization and it could be used conveniently by the hackers through exploiting on its vulnerabilities. Another thing the organization could have done would have been keep training of the employees regularly (Mohurle Patil, 2017). Training employees regular ly is important in order to keep them aware of the significance of the information technology. It is important to teach them, especially how to recognize the phishing as well as the malicious attachments (HEARING, 2014). In this way the organization can prevent itself from the loss of the data as well as cut the costs of restoring a locked or perhaps an infected computer. Additionally, it is important to show these employees how the cyber criminals work and what to do to help in preventing a digital burglary. Another aspect the organization should focus on the making of the agreements. Every individual within an organization is a security risk. It is therefore important to test every individual and see if certain users possibly have many rights. It is important for the organization to make agreements and to document them well. Moreover, making security and monitoring is an important priority (Shaw, 2009). Every business device should have a proper security measure and software. This could range from up to data virus scanners as well as the firewalls which are hard to guess password and encryption. Besides all the users accounts and the login credentials that are used in the business context need to be sufficiently secure. A two-step authentication for the user email accounts, would ensure that the hackers do not have enough data for getting access when one have one password (Shaw, 2009). It is also important for the business to have a critical password policy within the company. Each of the account should have its own unique and hard to guess password. A ransomware is a nasty kind of the malware which obstructs the usage of the computer or even the information and the attackers demand money for releasing it (Faulkner, 2007). The WannaCry ransomware attack occurred in May 2017 was the globally Cyber-attack. The WannaCry is a ransomware cryptoworm that focused the computer systems which are functioning employing the Microsoft Windows operating-system by encrypting on the data (Faulkner, 2007). The next thing would be to demand the ransomware payment which was to be in form of bitcoin cryptocurrency. Who were affected and how? The WannaCry malicious attack affected more than two hundred and thirty thousand computers to over one hundred and fifty countries with organization such as the Britains National Health Service (Young Yung, 2017). This triggered it to run certain services for instance surgeries on an emergency only basis in the course of the attack (Ngoma, 2012). The workers were compelled to revert to pen in addition to paper and use their very own mobiles after the attack because it impacted on the vital systems which integrated the telephones (Ngoma, 2012). The hospitals and doctors surgeries in part of England were compelled to turn the patients away and even cancel out on some of the appointments after they were affected with the ransomware, which scrambled their data on the computer systems and demanded the payments of three hundred dollars to restore the access emails (Pope, 2016). Individuals in the affected areas were encouraged to look for the medical care only in the emergencies situation s. Other major companies affected were Spanish phone company Telefonia as well as the German state railways. In Japan Hitachi which is the Japanese electronics firms their computers systems were experiencing the problems since the weekend, which included sending and receiving of the emails (Pope, 2016). In Russia the Russian Central bank they discovered the malware bulk emails to their banks but they detected no compromise of the resources. Additionally, the interior ministry in Russia they acknowledged the ransomware attack on their computers which they added that less than one percent of their computers were affected. How was the attack carried out? The hackers had been spreading the ransomware which was regarded as the WannaCry (Ngoma, 2012). This cryptoworm is delivered through the emails that trick the recipient into opening these attachment as well as releasing on the malware onto their system into the technique which is regarded as phishing (Kruse, Frederick, Jacobson Monticone, 2017). As soon as the computer gets affected, it locks up on the data files after which encrypts them in ways which they are incapable to gain access to them any longer. It then demands on the bitcoin to manage to gain the access (Kruse, Frederick, Jacobson Monticone, 2017). The WannaCry exploits on the vulnerability in the Microsoft. Individuals not installing of the updates as well as the patches on their computer systems signifies that vulnerabilities could remain open to the hackers to get in (Ngoma, 2012). The WannaCry propagates there is use of the EternalBlue which is an exploit to the Window server message Block protocol. What could have been done to prevent the attack? One of the way which could have prevented the ransomware attack is for the businesses to constantly update on their software as well as installing of the appropriate security patches. Moreover, it also requires one to keep the current and the latest operating systems (Young Yung, 2017). The patch could only work with the current system, which leaves the old version to the state of worsening security (Young Yung, 2017). Another way to which to prevent such an attack from occurring would be for the organization to have a plan in action through considering the worst case scenario in case an cyber case event would occur. The organization should be in a position of how they would be able to handle it. Planning for these scenarios as well as putting a safety measure in place could be expensive and onerous. But from the past it has been shown that the cost of not preparing for them could be far higher (Young Yung, 2017). Organization needs to plan and put the measures in place to prevent any shortcoming of these attacks from occurring. It is important for businesses to make safe and secure on their backups. Once the files have been encrypted, the options becomes limited one of the option could be a backup (Gandhi, 2017). In case of the attack the best option could be the recovery of the shadow volumes copies which some version of the windows have, since some ransomware can target the backup files. Having multiple backups to both in the cloud services and the physical disks drives could help a lot. The presence of a backup for the files helps the drive to remain entirely discounted from the networks (Young Yung, 2017). Educating of the workforce could have helped significantly (Ngoma, 2012). The basic protocol such as stressing what the employees should not click on the questionable links or perhaps the suspicious attachments can save a lot of the headaches. The system administrators needs to ensure that the workers do not have unnecessary access to parts of the networks which are not vital to their work (Ngoma, 20 12). This would help in limiting the spread of the ransomware in case the hackers do get into the system. References Baker, W., Hylender, A., Pamula, C. D., Porter, J., Spitler, C. 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